Explain `atob()` and `btoa()` in javascript.

Q. Explain `atob()` and `btoa()` in javascript.
Answer:

atob() and btoa() are functions in JavaScript that are used for encoding and decoding data using Base64 encoding. Base64 encoding is a way to represent binary data, such as images or files, as ASCII text.

btoa() (Binary to ASCII):

The btoa() function is used to encode a string in Base64.
It takes a binary string as an argument and returns a Base64-encoded ASCII string.
This function is useful when you want to convert binary data (like a string of binary characters) into a format that can be safely transmitted in text-based contexts, such as in data URLs or HTTP requests.
Example:

var originalString = "Hello, World!";
var encodedString = btoa(originalString);

console.log("Original String:", originalString);
console.log("Encoded String:", encodedString);

//OUTPUT:
//Original String: Hello, World!
//Encoded String: SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==

atob() (ASCII to Binary):

The atob() function is used to decode a Base64-encoded ASCII string back into its original binary representation.
It takes a Base64-encoded ASCII string as an argument and returns the decoded binary string.
This function is useful when you want to retrieve the original binary data from a Base64-encoded string.
Example:

var encodedString = "SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==";
var decodedString = atob(encodedString);

console.log("Encoded String:", encodedString);
console.log("Decoded String:", decodedString);

//OUTPUT:
//Encoded String: SGVsbG8sIFdvcmxkIQ==
//Decoded String: Hello, World!

It's important to note that these functions are not suitable for encryption; they are simply encoding and decoding mechanisms. Base64 encoding is easily reversible, and it's primarily used for encoding data in a way that is safe for transmission or storage in text-based formats.