4. A Truly Beautiful Mind
1. Here are some headings for paragraphs in the text. Write the number(s) of the paragraph(s) for each title against the heading. The first one is done for you.
(i) Einstein's equation = paragraph 9
Answer: Einstein's equation = paragraph 9
(ii) Einstein meets his future wife = __
Answer: Einstein meets his future wife = paragraph 7
(lii) The making of a violinist = __
Answer: The making of a violinist = paragraph 3
(iv) Mileva and Einstein's mother = __
Answer: Mileva and Einstein's mother = paragraph 10
(v) A letter that launched the arms race = __
Answer: A letter that launched the arms race = paragraph 15
(vi) A desk drawer full of ideas = __
Answer: A desk drawer full of ideas = paragraph 8
(vii) Marriage and divorce = __
Answer: Marriage and divorce = paragraph 11
2. Who had these opinions about Einstein?
(i) He was boring.
Answer: Einstein’s playmates called him "Brother Boring" because he did not know how to play with other children.
(ii) He was stupid and would never succeed in life.
Answer: A headmaster told Einstein's father that Einstein would never make a success of anything.
(iii) He was a freak.
Answer: Einstein's mother thought he was a freak because his head seemed much too large when he was born.
3. Explain what the reasons for the following are.
(i) Einstein leaving the school in Munich for good.
Answer: Einstein left the school in Munich because he hated the strict discipline there. He felt suffocated and unhappy, which made him leave the school.
(ii) Einstein wanting to study in Switzerland rather than in Munich.
Answer: Einstein wanted to study in Switzerland because it was more liberal and open-minded compared to Munich. He preferred the freedom to think and learn without the strict rules of his previous school.
(iii) Einstein seeing in Mileva an ally.
Answer: Einstein saw Mileva as an ally because she was intelligent and shared his love for science. She understood him, and they both felt out of place among people who didn’t appreciate their interests.
(iv) What do these tell you about Einstein?
Answer: These points show that Einstein valued freedom, had a strong will, and preferred people who understood and supported his passion for learning. He didn’t fit into traditional systems and sought out environments and relationships that nurtured his unique mind.
4. What did Einstein call his desk drawer at the patent office? Why?
Answer: Einstein called his desk drawer at the patent office the "bureau of theoretical physics."
He did this because, while he was supposed to be evaluating other people's inventions, he was actually developing his own scientific ideas in secret.
5. Why did Einstein write a letter to Franklin Roosevelt?
Answer: Einstein wrote a letter to Franklin Roosevelt to warn him that the Nazis might be working on building an atomic bomb. He urged Roosevelt to start a similar project in the United States, which eventually led to the development of the atomic bomb.
6. How did Einstein react to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
Answer: Einstein was deeply shaken and saddened by the extent of the destruction caused by the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. He felt a strong sense of responsibility and later advocated for peace and the prevention of future wars.
7. Why does the world remember Einstein as a "world citizen"?
Answer: The world remembers Einstein as a "world citizen" because he was not only a brilliant scientist but also an advocate for peace and human rights. He used his fame and influence to promote global cooperation, democracy, and the idea of a world government, especially after witnessing the horrors of war.
8. Here are some facts from Einstein's life. Arrange them in chronological order.
[] Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
[] He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
[] Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and warns against Germany's building of an atomic bomb.
[] Einstein altends a high school in Munich.
[] Einstein's family moves to Milan.
[] Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
[] Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
[] Einstein dies.
[] He provides a new interpretation of gravity.
[] Tired of the school's regimentation, Einstein withdraws from school.
[] He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
[] When Hitler comes to power. Einstein leaves Germany for the United States.
Answer:
1. Einstein is born in the German city of Ulm.
2. Einstein attends a high school in Munich.
3. Tired of the school's regimentation, Einstein withdraws from school.
4. Einstein's family moves to Milan.
5. Einstein joins a university in Zurich, where he meets Mileva.
6. He works in a patent office as a technical expert.
7. Einstein publishes his special theory of relativity.
8. He provides a new interpretation of gravity.
9. He is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
10. When Hitler comes to power, Einstein leaves Germany for the United States.
11. Einstein writes a letter to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, warning against Germany's building of an atomic bomb.
12. Einstein dies.
I. Here are some sentences from the story. Choose the word from the brackets which can be substituted for the italicised words in the sentences.
1. A few years later, the marriage faltered. (failed, broke, became weak).
Answer: became weak
2. Einstein was constantly at odds with people at the university. (on bad terms, in disagreement, unhappy)
Answer: in disagreement
3. The newspapers proclaimed his work as "a scientific revolution." (declared, praised, showed)
Answer: declared
4. Einstein got ever more involved in politics, agitating for an end to the arms buildup. (campaigning, fighting, supporting)
Answer: campaigning
5. At the age of 15. Einstein felt so stifled that he left the school for good. (permanently, for his benefit, for a short time)
Answer: permanently
6. Five years later, the discovery of nuclear fission in Berlin had American physicists in an uproar. (in a state of commotion, full of criticism, in a desperate state)
Answer: in a state of commotion
7. Science wasn't the only thing that appealed to the dashing young man with the walrus moustache. (interested, challenged. Worried)
Answer: interested
II. Study the following sentences.
Einstein became a gifted amateur violinist. maintaining this skill throughoul his life.
Letters survive in which they put their affection into words, mixing science with tenderness.
The parts in italies in the above sentences begin with -ing verbs, and are called participial phrases. Participial phrases say something more about the person or thing talked about or the idea expressed by the sentence as a whole. For example:
Einstein became a gifted amateur violinist. He maintained this skill throughout his life.
Complete the sentences below by filling in the blanks with suitable participial clauses. The information that has to be used in the phrases is provided as a sentence in brackets.
1. ____________________, the firefighters finally put out the fire. (They worked round the clock.)
Answer: Working round the clock, the firefighters finally put out the fire.
2. She watched the sunset above the mountain,____________________ (She noticed the colours blending softly into one another.)
Answer: She watched the sunset above the mountain, noticing the colours blending softly into one another.
3. The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly, ____________________ (While it neighed continually.)
Answer: The excited horse pawed the ground rapidly, neighing continually.
4. ____________________, I found myself in Bangalore, instead of Benaras. (I had taken the wrong train.)
Answer: Having taken the wrong train, I found myself in Bangalore, instead of Benaras.
5. ____________________, I was desperate to get to the bathroom. (I had not bathed for two days)
Answer: Not having bathed for two days, I was desperate to get to the bathroom.
6. The stone steps, ____________________ needed to be replaced. (They were worn down).
Answer: The stone steps, worn down, needed to be replaced.
7. The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans, ____________________ (They asked him to send them his photograph.)
Answer: The actor received hundreds of letters from his fans, asking him to send them his photograph.
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