Class 8 Science Multiple Choice Questions: Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

Chapter 1

Crop Production and Management

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Crops which are grown in rainy season are called

a) Rabi crop

b) Seasonal crop

c) Monsoon crop

d) Kharif crop

Answer:  d) Kharif crop

2. Rabi Crops are grown in _______ season

a) Summer

b) Spring

c) Winter

d) rainy

3. Now a days seed is sown in the field using

a) Seed Tractor

b) Seed drill

c) Seed Tiller

d) Seed Plough

4. Which of the following description is true for describing ‘fertiliser’

a) Used in large quantity

b) Organic in nature

c) Does not cause pollution

d) Produced in factories

5. Rhizobium (a Bacteria) which fixes atmospheric nitrogen are found in nodules growing in

a) Roots of leguminous plants

b) Leaves of leguminous plants

c) Stem of Leguminous plants

d) All of the above.

6. Before sowing the seeds, it is necessary to break soil to the size of grains to get better yield. The main tools used for such are

a) Tractor, Hoe, Seed drill

b) Bullock, tiller, tractor

c) Plough, Hoe, Cultivator

d) Plough, Seed Drill, Tractor

7. Growing different crops alternately on the same land is technically called

a) Crop Alternation

b) Crop Rotation

c) Crop Revolution

d) Crop Change

8. Moat, Dhekli and Rahat are different

a) Traditional methods of cultivation

b) Traditional methods of Weeding

c) Traditional methods of Seed sowing

d) Traditional methods of irrigation

9. In the harvested crop the grain seed is separated from the chaff. This process id called ___

a) Threshing

b) Seeding

c) Ploughing

d) Weeding

10. The farm appliance ‘Combine’ is a combined

a) Plough and Harvester

b) Seed drill cum Thresher

c) Harvester and Thresher

d) Harvester cum Sprayer

Question. The ideal months for harvesting kharif crop are
(a) June/July
(b) August/September
(c) September/October
(d) November/December

Answer : C

Question. In which of the following methods of irrigation rotating nozzles are used?
(a) Moat
(b) Drip system
(c) Chain Pump
(d) Sprinkler system

Answer : D

Question. The process of separating grains from chaff is known as:
(a) threshing
(b) harvesting
(c) winnowing
(d) transplantation

Answer : A

Question. Which of the following can make their own food:
(a) humans
(b) animals
(c) plants
(d) all of these

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following nutrients replenishes the soil after growing leguminous plants?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Oxygen
(c) Phosphorus
(d) Potassium

Answer : A

Question. The tool used for removing weeds is:
(a) plough
(c) hoe
(b) leveller
(d) none of these

Answer : D

Question. Watering the crops is called
(a) sowing
(b) manuring
(c) tilling
(d) irrigation

Answer : D

Question. Pesticides are used to destroy:
(a) pests
(b) weeds
(c) crops
(d) none of these

Answer : A

Question. Which of the following is not a fertiliser:
(a) urea
(b) cow-dung
(c) potash
(d) super phosphate

Answer : C

Question. The farm appliance ‘Combine’ is a combined
(a) Plough and Harvester
(b) Seed drill cum Thresher
(c) Harvester and Thresher
(d) Harvester cum Sprayer

Answer : C

Question. The crops which are sown in the rainy season are called:
(a) kharif crops
(b) rabi crops
(c) zayed crops
(d) none of these

Answer : A

Question. Animals like horse, donkey that carries load are called
(a) Drought species
(b) Load carrying Animals
(c) Dairy Animals
(d) Draught Animal

Answer : B

Question.At home to store grains we use:
(a) wet neem leaves
(b) dried neem leaves
(c) dried mango leaves
(d) dried peepal leaves

Answer: B

Question. What is NPK?
(a) Fertiliser
(b) Manure
(c) Weedicide
(d) Weed

Answer : A

Question. Rhizobium bacteria is present in the nodules of the roots:
(a) wheat
(b) leguminous plants
(c) maize
(d) onion

Answer : D

Question. Before sowing the seeds, it is necessary to break soil to the size of grains to get better yield. The main tools used for such are
(a) Tractor, Hoe, Seed drill
(b) Bullock, tiller, tractor
(c) Plough, Hoe, Cultivator
(d) Plough, Seed Drill, Tractor

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following is an important factor for the growth of crops?
(a) Temperature
(b) Flumidity
(c) Rainfall
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

Question. The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called
(a) watering
(b) irrigation
(c) harvesting
(d) none of these

Answer : B

Question. The process of loosening and turning of the soil is called:
(a) sowing
(b) tilling or ploughing
(c) levelling
(d) none of these

Answer : D

Question. The process of separating grain from chaff is called
(a) Threshing
(b) Weeding
(c) Sowing
(d) Winnowing

Answer : C

TOPIC – REPORTED SPEECH (Imperative Sentences)

CLASS VIII ENGLISH

ASSIGNMENT

TOPIC – REPORTED SPEECH (Imperative Sentences)

CHANGE THE FOLLOWING INTO REPORTED SPEECH:

1. The king said to the Hatter, “Take off your hat.”

2. I said to her, “You should tell everything to your brother.”

3. The mother said to the children, “Don’t make noise.”

4. The officer said to clerk, “Show me the case file.”

5. She said to me, “You will go to Mumbai next week.”

6. The receptionist said to the visitor, “Please, wait for some time.”

7. She said, “We should always respect our elders.”

8. The mother said to the servant, “Take the dog for a walk.”

9. The leader said to the peon, “Make a cup of coffee for me.”

10. The doctor said to the patient, “Don't smoke.”

11. The Sadhu said to his disciples, “Do not blame others for your failure.”

12. The stranger said to me, “Please help me.”

13. The old man said to the guests, “Please wait for some time.”

14. The officer said to the clerk, “Do it immediately.”

15. I said to him, “Work hard for a better tomorrow.”

16. I said to the child, “Don't peep into the well.”

17. She said to the peon, “Post the letter at once.”

18. The mother said to the children, “Don’t go near the fire.”

19. I said to my friend, “Don’t shout at me.”

20. He said, “Be quiet and listen to my words.”

21. The Prime minister said to the masses, “We should fight against terrorism and corruption for a better tomorrow.”

22. The teacher said, “Do not read so fast.”

23. I said to my brother, “Work hard if you want to succeed.”

24.I said to the girl, “Go home right now.”

25. He said, “Let us plan a trip to Hong Kong.”26. Mother sparrow said to her baby birds, “Don’t go out of the nest when I am away.”

27. The postmaster said to the postman, “Go and deliver these letters immediately.”

28. He said, “Let us go out for a walk.”

29. The teacher said to the Principal, “Please grant me leave.”

30. The teacher said to us, “Don't misbehave.”

Class X Science Question paper

 SET-1

SCIENCE

Time allowed : 3 hours

Maximum Marks : 80

General Instructions :
(i)
The question paper comprises five Sections, A, B, C, D and E. You are to
attempt All the sections.
(ii)
All questions are compulsory.
(iii) Internal choice is given in Sections B, C, D and E.
(iv) Questions number 1 and 2 in Section A are one-mark questions. They are
to be answered in one word or in one sentence.
(v)
Questions number 3 to 5 in Section B are two-marks questions. These are
to be answered in about 30 words each.
(vi) Questions number 6 to 15 in Section C are three-marks questions. These
are to be answered in about 50 words each.
(vii) Questions number 16 to 21 in Section D are five-marks questions. These
are to be answered in about 70 words each.
(viii) Questions number 22 to 27 in Section E are based on practical skills.

SECTION A
1. Name an enzyme present in pancreatic juice.
2. Mention the main social problem caused by building large dams.

SECTION B
3. A metal compound X reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce brisk
effervescence. The gas evolved forms a white precipitate when passed
through lime water. Write balanced chemical equations involved in the
above mentioned chemical reactions.
4.
ZrMo Xem©E JE AmaoI Ho$ ^mJ
A Am¡a
^mJ
B H$m
2
Zm_ Am¡a àË`oH$ H$m EH$ H$m`© {b{IE &
B
A
Write the name and one function each of the parts A and B shown in the
following diagram.
B
A
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3
P.T.O.5.
àH$me Ho$ AndV©Z H$m ñZob H$m {Z`_ {b{IE & àH$me H$s Mmb Ho$ nXm| _| {H$gr _mÜ`_
Ho$ {Zanoj AndV©Zm§H$ Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ {b{IE &
AWdm 2
n«H$me dm`w go 1·50 AndV©Zm§H$ Ho$ H$m±M _| àdoe H$aVm h¡ & H$m±M _| àH$me H$s Mmb
n[aH${bV H$s{OE &
{X`m J`m h¡ : {Zdm©V _| àH$me H$s Mmb = 3  10 8 m/s. 2
State Snell’s law of refraction of light. Write an expression for the
absolute refractive index of a medium in terms of speed of light.
OR
Light enters from air to glass having refractive index 1·50. Calculate the
speed of light in the glass.
Given : The speed of light in vacuum is = 3  10 8 m/s.
^mJ g
SECTION C
6.
(a)
ZrMo Xr JB© A{^{H«$`m
MnO 2 + 4HCl   MnCl 2 + 2H 2 O + Cl 2
(b)
_| CnMm`H$ Am¡a AnMm`H$ H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE &
H$maU Xr{OE :
(i)
(ii)
(a)
dgm`wº$ Am¡a V¡br` ImÚ - gm_J«r _| à{V - Am°ŠgrH$maH$ {_bmE OmVo h¢ &
gy` © Ho$ àH$me _| ídoV {gëda ŠbmoamBS> H$m a§J Yyga hmo OmVm h¡ &
In the following reaction :
MnO 2 + 4HCl   MnCl 2 + 2H 2 O + Cl 2
Identify the oxidant and reductant.
(b)
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Give reasons :
(i) Antioxidants are added to foods containing fats and oils.
(ii) White silver chloride turns grey in sunlight.
4
37.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
8.
pH ñHo$b
Š`m _mnVm h¡ ?
BgH$m n[aga {b{IE &
pH ñHo$b Ho$ CƒV_ Am¡a {ZåZV_ _mZm| H$s gmW©H$Vm H$m C„oI H$s{OE &
AWdm
3
bdUOb (~«mBZ) Ho$ {dÚwV² - AnKQ>Z H$mo ‘Šbmoa - jma à{H«$`m’ Š`m| H$hVo h¢ ? Bg
à«{H«$`m _| gpå_{bV amgm`{ZH$ g_rH$aU {b{IE &
{H$gr ewîH$ naIZbr _| H$m°na gë\o$Q> Ho$ Hw$N> Ob`mo{OV {H«$ñQ>bm| H$mo J_© {H$`m
J`m h¡ & {H$Ýht Xmo àojUm| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE &
(a) What does pH scale measure ?
(b) Write its range.
(c) State the significance of highest and lowest values of pH scale.
OR
(a) Why is electrolysis of brine called ‘Chlor-alkali process’ ? Write the
chemical equation involved in this process.
(b) A few crystals of hydrated copper sulphate are heated in a dry
test-tube. Enlist any two observations.
{ZåZ{b{IV VÎdm| H$s VwbZm H$moîR>H$ _| {XE JE A{^bjUm| Ho$ AZwgma H$s{OE :
(a)
br{W`_ Am¡a ZmBQ´>moOZ (na_mUw {ÌÁ`m)
(b)
nmoQ>¡{e`_ Am¡a ŠbmoarZ ({dÚwV²G$UVm)
(c)
_¡½Zr{e`_ Amoa H¡$pëe`_ (g§`moOH$Vm)
àË`oH$ àH$aU _| AnZo CÎma H$m H$maU Xr{OE &
3
3
Compare the following elements as per the characteristics given in the
brackets :
(a)
Lithium and Nitrogen (Atomic radii)
(b)
Potassium and Chlorine (Electronegativity)
(c)
Magnesium and Calcium (Valency)
Give reason for your answer in each case.
9.
Ý`yam°Z H$m AmaoI It{ME VWm AmaoI _| CZ ^mJm| Ho$ Zm_ A§{H$V H$s{OE Ohm±
(a)
gyMZm Cnm{O©V H$s OmVr h¡,
(b)
go hmoH$a gyMZm {dÚwV² AmdoJ Ho$ ê$n _| J_Z H$aVr h¡, VWm
(c)
{dÚwV² AmdoJ AmJo àofU Ho$ {bE amgm`{ZH$ {g½Zb _| n[ad{V©V hmoZo Mm{hE &
AWdm
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5
3
P.T.O.ZrMo {XE JE àË`oH$ nmXn hm°_m©oZ H$m H$m`© {b{IE :
(a)
{O~ao{bZ
(b)
Am°pŠgZ
(c)
Epãg{gH$ Aåb
3
Draw a diagram of neuron and name and label the part
(a)
where information is acquired,
(b)
through which information travels as an electric impulse, and
(c)
where the electric impulse must be converted into a chemical
signal for onward transmission.
OR
State the function of each of the following plant hormones :
10.
(a) Gibberellins
(b) Auxins
(c) Abscisic acid
(a) OmBb_ Am¡a âbmoE_ Ho$ ~rM Xmo {d^oXZH$mar bjUm| H$s gyMr Vm{bH$m Ho$ ê$n _|
~ZmBE &
nmXnm| _| ñWmZmÝVaU Ho$ Xmo bm^ {b{IE &
(b)
11.
(a) List in tabular form two differentiating features between xylem
and phloem.
(b) Write two advantages of transpiration in plants.
3
20 cm \$moH$g
Xÿar Ho$ {H$gr CÎmb b|g go {H$gr {~å~ H$mo {H$VZr Xÿar na aIm OmZm Mm{hE
Vm{H$ BgH$m dmñV{dH$ à{V{~å~ b|g go 30 cm Xÿar na àmßV hmo ? `{X {~å~ 4 cm bå~m
h¡, Vmo à{V{~å~ H$s bå~mB© kmV H$s{OE &
AWdm
20 cm \$moH$g Xÿar Ho$ {H$gr AdVb Xn©U Ho$ gm_Zo {H$gr {~å~ H$mo H$hm± aIm OmE Vm{H$
CgH$m Xmo JwZm Amd{Y©V Am^mgr à{V{~å~ àmßV hmo ?
How far should an object be placed from a convex lens of focal length
20 cm to obtain its real image at a distance of 30 cm from the lens ?
Determine the height of the image if the object is 4 cm tall.
OR
Where should an object be placed in front of a concave mirror of focal
length 20 cm so as to obtain a two times magnified virtual image of the
object ?
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6
3
312.
ZrMo {XE JE H$WZm| H$s nwpîQ> H$s{OE :
(a)
{dÚwV² ~ë~m| Ho$ VÝVwAm§o Ho$ {Z_m©U _| EH$_mÌ Q>§½ñQo>Z H$m hr Cn`moJ {H$`m OmVm h¡ &
(b)
Kaoby n[anWm| _| loUr ì`dñWm H$m Cn`moJ Zht {H$`m OmVm h¡ &
(c)
{dÚwV² g§MaU _| àm`: H$m°na Am¡a Eobw{_{Z`_ Ho$ Vmam| H$m Cn`moJ {H$`m OmVm h¡ &
3
Justify the following statements :
(a)
Tungsten is used exclusively for filaments of electric lamps.
(b)
Series arrangement is not used for domestic circuits.
(c)
Copper and aluminium wires are usually employed for electricity
transmission.
13.
ZrMo {XE JE n[anW _| {XE JE à{VamoYH$m| R 1 , R 2 Am¡a R 3 Ho$ _mZ H«$_e: 10 , 20 
Am¡a 30  h¢, {OÝh| 12 V H$s ~¡Q>ar go g§`mo{OV {H$`m J`m h¡ & {ZåZ{b{IV H$m n[aH$bZ
H$s{OE :
(a) àË`oH$ à{VamoYH$ go àdm{hV Ymam,
(b) n[anW H$m Hw$b à{VamoY, VWm
(c) n[anW _| àdm{hV Hw$b Ymam &
3
In the circuit given below, the resistors R 1 , R 2 and R 3 have the values
10 , 20  and 30  respectively,
which have been connected to a
battery of 12 V. Calculate
(a) the current through each resistor,
(b) the total circuit resistance, and
(c) the total current in the circuit.
31/1/1
7
P.T.O.14.
Zm{^H$s` D$Om© CËnÞ H$aZo _| Cn`moJ hmoZo dmbr à{H«$`m H$m Zm_ {b{IE & Zm{^H$s` D$Om©
Ho$ OZZ _| gm_mÝ`V: Cn`moJ hmoZo dmbo Xmo VÎdm| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE & dh Xmo H$maU {b{IE
Omo ~¥hV² ñVa na Zm{^H$s` D$Om© Ho$ Cn`moJ H$mo {ZfoYH$ ~ZmVo h¢ &
3
Name the process used to generate nuclear energy. List two elements
commonly used for the generation of nuclear energy. Give two reasons
which make the large scale use of nuclear energy prohibitive.
15.
(a)
(b) {H$gr Amhma ûm¥§Ibm _| gm_mÝ`V: VrZ `m Mma nmofr ñVa hr hmoVo h¢ & ì`m»`m
H$s{OE &
O¡d AmdY©Z {H$go H$hVo h¡ ? ì`m»`m H$s{OE &
(a)
(b) A food chain generally has three or four trophic levels. Explain.
What is biological magnification ? Explain.
3
^mJ X
SECTION D
16.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
31/1/1
CZ Xmo YmVwAm| Ho$ Zm_ {b{IE Omo AnZo A`ñH$m| go Ho$db J_© H$aZo na hr àmßV hmo
OmVr h¢ &
qOH$ Ho$ A`ñH$m| H$m CXmhaU boH$a {ZñVmnZ Am¡a ^O©Z Ho$ ~rM {d^oXZ H$s{OE &
W{_©Q> A{^{H«$`m Š`m hmoVr h¡ ? BgH$m _hÎd {b{IE &
Name two metals which are obtained from their ores by simple
heating.
Differentiate between calcination and roasting, taking examples of
zinc ores.
What is thermit reaction ? State its significance.
8
517.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
_oW¡Z AUw H$s BboŠQ´>m°Z - {~ÝXþ g§aMZm It{ME &
ZrMo {XE JE `m¡{JH$m| _| CnpñWV àH$m`m©Ë_H$ g_yhm| H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE :
(i) C 2 H 6 O
(ii) C 2 H 4 O
Am°ŠgrOZ Am¡a EWmBZ Ho$ {_lU H$mo dopëS>¨J _| Obm`m OmVm h¡ & AmnHo$ {dMma go
dopëS>¨J _| EWmBZ Am¡a dm`w Ho$ {_lU H$m Cn`moJ Š`m| Zht {H$`m OmVm ?
AWdm
àË`oH$ àH$aU _| A{^{H«$`m hmoZo Ho$ {bE Amdí`H$ nyar eVmªo H$m C„oI H$aVo hþE
ZrMo {XE JE ê$nmÝVaU H$s{OE :
5
(i)
(b)
EWoZm°b H$mo EWoZm°BH$ Aåb _|
(ii)
EWrZ H$mo EWoZ _|
(iii) EWoZm°b Am¡a EWoZm°BH$ Aåb H$mo EñQ>a _|
Cn`w©º$ g^r ê$nmÝVaUm| H$mo {XE JE Zm_m| H$m C„oI ^r H$s{OE &
gm~wZm| H$s VwbZm _| {S>Q>aOoÝQ>m| (An_mO©H$m|) H$mo àmW{_H$Vm Xr OmVr h¡ & Š`m|
(H$moB© EH$ H$maU Xr{OE)
?
5
(a) Draw electron dot structure of methane molecule.
(b) Identify the functional groups present in the following compounds :
(i) C 2 H 6 O
(ii) C 2 H 4 O
(c) A mixture of oxygen and ethyne is burnt for welding. Why do you
think a mixture of ethyne and air is not used for welding ?
OR
(a) Carry out the following conversions giving complete conditions for
the reaction to take place in each case :
(i) Ethanoic acid from Ethanol
(ii) Ethane from Ethene
(iii) Ester from Ethanoic acid and ethanol
Also state the names given to all the above conversions.
(b)
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Detergents are preferred over soaps. Why ? (Give one reason)
9
P.T.O.18.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
`Ú{n A_r~m Am¡a boí_m{Z`m OZZ H$s g_mZ {dYm Xem©Vo h¡§, naÝVw OZZ H$s
à{H«$`m Ho$ T>§J BZ XmoZm| _| {^Þ - {^Þ h¢ &
BZ XmoZm| ñnrerµO _| OZZ H$s {dYm nhMm{ZE Am¡a BZ_| hmoZo dmbr à{H«$`mAm| H$m
CëboI H$s{OE &
nwZéX²^dZ (nwZO©ZZ) {H$go H$hVo h¢ ? ßboZo[a`m _| `h à{H«$`m {H$g àH$ma hmoVr h¡
AmaoI H$s ghm`Vm go ñnîQ> H$s{OE &
amBµOmong Ho$ Cg ^mJ H$m Zm_ {b{IE {Og_| ~rOmUw ~ZVo h¢ & Cg n[apñW{V H$m
C„oI H$s{OE {Og_| ~rOmUw d¥{Õ H$aHo$ ZE Ord CËnÞ H$aVo h¢ &
AWdm
b¢ {JH$ g§MaU Ûmam OrdmUw O{ZV {H$Ýht Xmo g§H«$_Um| Ho$ Zm_ {b{IE & BZgo ~Mmd
{H$g àH$ma {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡ ?
Cn`w©º$ (a) _| ~VmE JE Cnm` Ho$ A{V[aº$ AZMmho J^© H$mo amoH$Zo _| ghm`H$ VrZ
AÝ` Cnm`m| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE &
J^©{ZamoYr Cnm`m| H$mo AnZmZo Ho$ VrZ bm^m| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE &
Although Amoeba and Leishmania, both show same mode of
reproduction, but the process of reproduction is carried out in
different ways.
Identify their mode of reproduction and mention the way it is
carried out in the two species.
(b) What is regeneration ? Explain with the help of a diagram how
this process is carried out in Planaria.
(c) Name the part of Rhizopus in which spores are formed.
State the condition under which spores grow into a new individual.
OR
(a) Name any two bacterial infections that are sexually transmitted.
How can they be prevented ?
(b) List three different ways, other than the one stated in (a) above,
that help an individual to avoid unwanted pregnancies.
(c) List three advantages for adopting contraceptive measures.
31/1/1
10
5
519.
(a)
(b)
(a)
20.
_|S>b Ho$ à`moJm| H$s ghm`Vm go Xem©BE {H$
(i)
bjU à^mdr Am¡a Aà^mdr hmo gH$Vo h¢, VWm
(ii)
bjU ñdV§Ì ê$n go d§emZwJV hmoVo h¢ &
{Jbhar AWdm {N>nH$br H$s Anojm njr Ed§ M_JmX‹S> Ho$ ~rM g§~§Y A{YH$
K{ZîR> h¢ & {Q>ßnUr H$s{OE &
With the help of Mendel’s experiments show that
(i) traits may be dominant or recessive, and
(ii) traits are inherited independently.
(b) Birds and bats are more closely related to each other than to
squirrels or lizards. Comment.
(a)
(b) h_mao ZoÌ _| CnpñWV nú_m^r no{e`m| H$s ^y{_H$m H$m C„oI H$s{OE &
ZrMo {XE JE àË`oH$ àH$aU _| ÑpîQ> Xmof H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE Am¡a CgHo$ g§emoYZ H$m
Cnm` gwPmBE :
(i)
A{^ZoÌ b|g H$m Xÿ{Y`m `m Y±wYbm hmo OmZm &
(ii)
A{^ZoÌ b§og H$s dH«$Vm H$m AË`{YH$ hmo OmZm &
(iii) A{^ZoÌ b|g H$s \$moH$g Xyar H$m AË`{YH$ hmo OmZm (gm_mÝ` go A{YH$ hmo
OmZm) &
(iv) nú_m^r no{e`m| H$m Xþ~©b hmo OmZm &
AWdm
AmaoI H$s ghm`Vm go AmBµOH$ Ý`yQ>Z Ho$ Cg à`moJ H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE {Oggo `h
YmaUm AmJo ~‹T>r {H$ gy`© H$m àH$me gmV dUmªo go {_bH$a ~Zm h¡ &
dm`w_§S>br` AndV©Z {H$go H$hVo h¢ ? dm`w_§S>br` AndV©Z na AmYm[aV Xmo
àmH¥${VH$ n[aKQ>ZmAm| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE &
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
31/1/1
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5
5
State the role of ciliary muscles present in our eye.
Identify the defect of vision in each of the following cases and
suggest its corrective measure :
(i)
The eye lens has become milky and cloudy.
(ii)
The eye lens has excessive curvature.
(iii) The eye lens has large focal length (longer than normal).
(iv) Ciliary muscles have weakened.
OR
With the help of diagram explain Isaac Newton’s experiment that
led to the idea that the sunlight is made up of seven colours.
What is atmospheric refraction ? List two natural phenomena
based on atmospheric refraction.
11
P.T.O.21.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Xmo Mwå~H$s` joÌ aoImE± EH$ - Xÿgao H$mo H$^r ^r à{VÀN>o{XV Š`m| Zht H$aVt ? ì`m»`m
H$s{OE &
{H$gr Ymamdmhr n[aZm{bH$m Ho$ ^rVa Ho$ Mwå~H$s` joÌ H$mo EH$g_mZ H$hm OmVm h¡ &
Š`m| ?
âboq_J H$m dm_hñV {Z`_ {b{IE &
ì`mdgm{`H$ _moQ>am| H$s e{º$ _| d¥{Õ H$aZo dmbo Xmo H$maH$m| H$s gyMr ~ZmBE &
5
Why don’t two magnetic field lines ever intersect each other ?
Explain.
‘‘The magnetic field is said to be uniform inside a current carrying
solenoid.’’ Why ?
State Fleming’s left hand rule.
Enlist two factors that enhance the power of commercial motors.
^mJ ¶
SECTION E
22.
VrZ n¥W H²$ naIZ{b`m| _| {bE JE VrZ {^Þ a§JhrZ {db`Zm| X, Y Am¡a Z _| H$moB© N>mÌ
gmd©{ÌH$ gyMH$ H$s Hw$N> ~y±X| {_bmVm h¡, Am¡a `h n«ojU H$aVm h¡ {H$ {db`Z H$m a§J
n[ad{V©V hmoH$a X _| ham, Y _| bmb Am¡a Z _| Zrbm hmo J`m h¡ &
(a)
{db`Zm| X, Y Am¡a Z H$mo CZHo$ pH Ho$ ~‹T> Vo (Amamohr) H«$_ _| ì`dpñWV H$s{OE &
(b)
BZ VrZm| {db`Zm| X, Y Am¡a Z _| go H$m¡Z - gm {db`Z µ\$sZm°ë\$Wo{bZ Ho$ a§J H$mo
n[ad{V©V H$aoJm Am¡a Š`m| ?
AWdm
\o$ag gë\o$Q> Ho$ D$î_r` {d`moOZ Ho$ g_` CËnÞ hmoZo dmbr J¡g Ho$ gånH©$ _|
(a) Jrbm Zrbm {bQ>_g nÌ Am¡a (b) Jrbm bmb {bQ>_g nÌ bmZo na H$moB© N>mÌ Š`m àojU
H$aVm h¡ Am¡a Š`m {ZîH$f© {ZH$mbVm h¡, BgH$m C„oI H$s{OE &
On adding a few drops of universal indicator in three colourless solutions
X, Y and Z taken separately in three test tubes, a student observed the
changes in colour as green in X, red in Y and blue in Z.
(a)
Arrange X, Y and Z in increasing order of their pH values.
(b)
Which one of the three, X, Y and Z, will change the colour of
phenolphthalein ? Why ?
OR
State the observation and inference made by a student when he brings
(i) a wet blue litmus paper and (ii) a wet red litmus paper in contact with
the gas liberated during thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate.
31/1/1
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2
223.
Mma n¥WH²$ naIZ{b`m§o I, II, III Am¡a IV _o| \o$ag gë\o$Q> H$m \$sH$m ham {db`Z boH$a
naIZ{b`m| , II, III Am¡a IV _| H«$_e: Cu, Zn Am¡a Al Ho$ Qw>H$‹S>o S>mbo JE & {H$g / {H$Z
àH$aU / àH$aUm| _|
(a)
\o$ag gë\o$Q> {db`Z H$m a§J naIZbr (I) Ho$ {db`Z Ho$ a§J go gw_ob H$aoJm ?
H$maU Xr{OE &
(b)
\o$ag gë\o$Q> {db`Z H$m a§J \$sH$m (bwßV) hmo OmEJm VWm YmVwAm| Ho$ n¥îR> na
H$mbm nXmW© {Zjo{nV hmo OmEJm ?
2
A pale green solution of ferrous sulphate was taken in four separate test
tubes marked I, II, III and IV. Pieces of Cu, Zn and Al were dropped in
test tubes II, III and IV respectively. In which case(s)
24.
(a) the colour of ferrous sulphate solution will match with the colour
in test tube (I) ? Give reason.
(b) the colour of ferrous sulphate solution will fade and black mass
will be deposited on the surface of the metal ?
H$moB© N>mÌ {Û~rOnÌr ~rOm| H$mo A§Hw$[aV H$aZm MmhVm h¡ & BgHo$ {bE Mma MaUm| H$mo C{MV
H«$_ _| {b{IE Vm{H$ dh ghr T>§J go à`moJ H$mo H$a gHo$ &
AWdm
ZrMo {XE JE AmaoI H$mo nhMm{ZE Am¡a Bg na A§{H$V ^mJm| A, B Am¡a C Ho$ Zm_ {b{IE :
2
2
A
B
C
31/1/1
13
P.T.O.A student wants to germinate dicot seeds. Write the four steps in correct
sequence that will help him to perform the experiment in the right way.
OR
Identify the following diagram and name the parts marked as A, B and C :
A
B
C
25.
Xem©B© JB© àm`mo{JH$ ì`dñWm _|,
(a)
bKw naIZbr _| ^ao nXmW© X Am¡a e§ŠdmH$ma âbmñH$ _| Vbr _| aIo nXmW©
Zm_ {b{IE &
(b)
{ZH$mg Zbr _| Ob H$m ñVa D$na Š`m| CR> OmVm h¡ ?
{ZH$mg Zbr
X
Ob
Y
31/1/1
14
Y
H$m
2In the experimental set-up shown,
(a)
name the material X filled in the small test tube and the material
Y placed at the bottom of the conical flask.
(b)
why is there a rise in water level in the delivery tube ?
Delivery tube
X
Water
Y
26.
(a)
(b)
(a)
{H$gr N>mÌ Zo Amo_ Ho$ {Z`_ H$mo gË`m{nV H$aZo Ho$ à`moJ _| `h nm`m {H$ {XE JE
Eo_rQ>a _| Eo_rQ>a H$s gwB© 12 d| A§e H$mo B§{JV H$a ahr h¡ & `{X Bg Eo_rQ>a _|
0 go 0·5 A Ho$ ~rM 10 {d^mOZ h¢, Vmo 12 d| {d^mOZ Ho$ VXZê$n Eo_rQ>a H$m
nmR>çm§H$ Š`m h¡ ?
Amn {H$gr {dÚwV² n[anW _| Eo_rQ>a Am¡a dmoëQ>_rQ>a H$mo {H$g àH$ma g§`mo{OV H$aVo
h¢ ?
2
In a given ammeter, a student saw that needle indicates
12 th division in ammeter while performing an experiment to verify
Ohm’s law. If ammeter has 10 divisions between 0 to 0·5 A, then
what is the ammeter reading corresponding to 12 th division ?
(b)
How do you connect an ammeter and a voltmeter in an electric
circuit ?
31/1/1
15
P.T.O.27.
ZrMo {XE JE AmaoI _| Xem©B© JB© nm±M Amn{VV {H$aUm| _| go {H$Ýht Xmo Amn{VV {H$aUm| H$mo
kmV H$s{OE Omo àH$me Ho$ AndV©Z Ho$ {Z`_m| H$m nmbZ H$aVo hþE ItMr JB© h¢ Am¡a {OZH$m
Cn`moJ {H$gr CÎmb b|g Ûmam ~Zo à{V{~å~ H$s pñW{V kmV H$aZo _| {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡ &
BZ Xmo {H$aUm| H$m Cn`moJ {H$gr CÎmb b|g Ho$ F 1 d 2F 1 Ho$ ~rM pñWV {H$gr {~å~ Ho$
à{V{~å~ H$s pñW{V, gmBµO Am¡a àH¥${V kmV H$aZo _| H$s{OE & 2
AWdm
CZ Mma MaUm| H$mo C{MV H«$_ _| {b{IE {OZH$m nmbZ {H$gr XÿañW {~å~ H$m {H$gr {XE
JE CÎmb b|g Ûmam VrúU à{V{~å~ à«mßV H$aHo$ CgH$s \$moH$g Xÿar {ZYm©[aV H$aZo _| {H$`m
OmZm Mm{hE & 2
Out of the five incident rays shown in the following diagram, find any two
incident rays that are obeying the laws of refraction of light and may be
used for locating the position of the image formed by a convex lens.
Use these two rays in finding the position, size and nature of the image
formed when an object is placed between F 1 and 2F 1 of a convex lens.
OR
Write four steps in proper sequence which should be followed in the
determination of focal length of a given convex lens by obtaining a sharp
image of a distant object.
31/1/1
16

Balancing Chemical Equations

1. CO₂ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

2. SiCl₄ + H₂O → H₄SiO₄ + HCl

3. Al + HCl → AlCl₃ + H₂

4. Na₂CO₃ + HCl → NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

5. C₇H₆O₂ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

6. Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + KOH → K₂SO₄ + Fe(OH)₃

7. Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + CaSiO₃

8. KClO₃ → KClO₄ + KCl

9. Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Al(OH)₃ + CaSO₄

10. H₂SO₄ + HI → H₂S + I₂ + H₂O

Complete Solutions:

1. CO₂ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

6CO₂ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

2. SiCl₄ + H₂O → H₄SiO₄ + HCl

SiCl₄ + H₂O → H₄SiO₄ + 4HCl

SiCl₄ + 4H₂O → H₄SiO₄ + 4HCl

SiCl₄ + 4H₂O → H₄SiO₄ + 4HCl

3. Al + HCl → AlCl₃ + H₂

Al + 2HCl → AlCl₃ + H₂

Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + H₂

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + H₂

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

 

4. Na₂CO₃ + HCl → NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

Na₂CO₃ + HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

 

5. C₇H₆O₂ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

C₇H₆O₂ + O₂ → 7CO₂ + H₂O

C₇H₆O₂ + O₂→ 7CO₂ + 3H₂O

C₇H₆O₂ + 7.5O₂ → 7CO₂ + 3H₂O

2C₇H₆O₂ + 15O₂ → 14CO₂ + 6H₂O

6. Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + KOH → K₂SO₄ + Fe(OH)_3­-

Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + KOH → K₂SO₄ + 2Fe(OH)_3­-

Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + KOH → 3K₂SO₄ + 2Fe(OH)_3­-

Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 6KOH → 3K₂SO₄ + 2Fe(OH)_3­-

 

7. Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + CaSiO₃

Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + 3CaSiO₃

2Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + 3CaSiO₃

2Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + 6CaSiO₃

2Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 6SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + 6CaSiO₃

2Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + 6SiO₂ → P₄O₁₀ + 6CaSiO₃

 

8. KClO₃ → KClO₄ + KCl

4KClO₃ → 3KClO₄ + KCl

4KClO₃ → 3KClO₄ + KCl

 

9. Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Al(OH)₃ + CaSO₄

Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + CaSO₄

Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄

Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄

Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄

 

10. H₂SO₄ + HI → H₂S + I₂ + H₂O

H₂SO₄ + HI → H₂S + I₂ + 4H₂O

H₂SO₄ + 2HI → H₂S + I₂ + 4H₂O

H₂SO₄ + 8HI → H₂S + I₂ + 4H₂O

H₂SO₄ + 8HI → H₂S + 4I₂ + 4H₂O

11. P₄O₁₀ + H₂O → H₃PO₄

P₄O₁₀ + H₂O → 4 H₃PO₄

P₄O₁₀ + 6 H₂O → 4 H₃PO₄

1. 1 SnO₂ + 2 H₂ → 1 Sn + 2 H₂O
2. 3 KOH + 1 H₃PO₄ → 1 K₃PO₄ + 3 H₂O
3. 2 KNO₃ + 1 H₂CO₃ → 1 K₂CO₃ + 2 HNO₃
4. 1 Na₃PO₄ + 3 HCl → 3 NaCl + 1 H₃PO₄
5. 1 TiCl₄ + 2 H₂O → 1 TiO₂ + 4 HCl
6. 1 C₂H₆O + 3 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
7. 2 Fe + 6 HC₂H₃O₂ → 2 Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₃ + 3 H₂
8. 4 NH₃ + 5 O₂ → 4 NO + 6 H₂O
9. 1 B₂Br₆ + 6 HNO₃ → 2 B(NO₃)₃ + 6 HBr
10. 4 NH₄OH + 1 Kal(SO₄)₂·12H₂O → 1 Al(OH)₃ + 2 (NH₄)₂SO₄ + 1 KOH + 12 H₂O 

 

_{2Fe2O3+3C--->4Fe+3CO2
2)H2SO4+CaCO3--->CaSO4+H2CO3
3) 2H2+02--->2H20
4) CH3COOH+C2H5OH ---> CH3COOC2H5+H2O
5) 1 AgNO3 + 1 LiOH --> 1 AgOH + 1 LiNO3
6) CH4+2O2--->CO2+2H2O.
7) Sn+2H2SO4-->SnSO4+2H2O+SO2
8) CuO+H2SO4--->CuSO4+H2
9) Mg3N2 + 3H2O ---> 3MgO + 2NH3
10) N2 + O2 ---> 2 NO
11) 2 CH4 + 3 O2 ---> 2 CO + 4 H2O
12) 6 CO2 + 6 H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
13) 2 AgI + Na2S ---> Ag2S + 2 NaI
14) Ba3N2 + 6 H2O --->3 Ba(OH)2 + 2 NH3
15) 4 FeS + 7 O2 --->2 Fe2O3 + 4 SO2
16) PCl5 + 4 H2O ---> H3PO4 + 5 HCl
17) 3 CaCl2 + 2 Na3PO4--->Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 NaCl
18) 2 As + 6 NaOH --->2 Na3AsO3 + 3 H2
19) 12 HClO4 + P4O10 ---> 4 H3PO4 + 6 Cl2O7
20) 10 KClO3 + 3 P4 ---> 3 P4O10 + 10 KCl
21) SnO2 + 2 H2 ---> Sn + 2 H2O
22) 3 KOH + H3PO4 ---> K3PO4 + 3 H2O
23) 3 Hg(OH)2 + 2 H3PO4 ---> Hg3(PO4)2 + 6 H2O
24) 2 KNO3 + H2CO3 ---> K2CO3 + 2 HNO3
25) Na3PO4 + 3 HCl ---> 3 NaCl + H3PO4
26) TiCl4 + 2 H2O ---> TiO2 + 4 HCl
27) C2H6O + 3 O2 ---> 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
28 4 NH3 + 5 O2 ---> 4 NO + 6 H2O
29) B2Br6 + 6 HNO3 ---> 2 B(NO3)3 + 6 HBr
30) 8 CO + 17 H2 ---> C8H18 + 8 H2O
31) 4 NH4OH + KAl(SO4)212H2O ---> Al(OH)3 + 2 (NH4)2SO4 + KOH + 12 H2O
32) 2 Fe + 6 HC2H3O2 ---> 2 Fe(C2H3O2)3 + 3 H2
33) N2+3H2--->2NH3
34) N2 + 3H2 ---> 2NH3
35) Al2O3+3H2SO4--->Al2(SO4)3 +3H2O
36) HCl+NH3--->NH4Cl
37) 2Na + 2H2O = 2NaOH + H2
38) C6H12O6--->6C+6H2O
39) CuO+H2SO4--->CuSO4+H2
40) COH12O6--->2CO2+2C2H5OH
41) FeCl3+Fe2O3--->3FeOCl
42) NaCl+AgNO3--->NaNO3+AgCl
43) HCl+NH3--->NH4Cl
44) 2Al+6HCl--->2AlCl3+3H2
45) Ca + 2HCl = CaCl2 + H2
46) CaCO3 + H2SO4 = CaSO4 + H20 + CO2
47) 3H2SO4 + 2Fe ---> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2
48) Mg3N2 + 3H2O ---> 3MgO + 2NH3
49) CH4+ O2 ---> CO2 + H2O
50) Cl2 + SO2 + H2O ---> HCl + H2SO4}

 

1. What do you mean by Bt?

 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a species of bacteria that lives in soil. It makes proteins that are toxic to some insects when eaten, but not others. The proteins are not toxic to humans because, like all mammals, we cannot activate them. Bt is not toxic to non-target wildlife. However, one type of Bt (aizawi) can be toxic to honeybees. Bt is used as an insecticide, typically, for insect larvae. Remember, it has to be eaten to work.