GYAAN KUNJA TUITION CENTRE: August 2025

Tuesday, August 26, 2025

SEBA Class 9 Mathematics Half Yearly Exam Question paper 2021

Saturday, August 16, 2025

SEBA Class X Employability Skills: Unit 1 Communication Skills Questions and Answers

Session 1: Methods of Communication

1. What is Communication?

Answer – The word ‘Communication’ comes from the Latin word Communicare, which means ‘to share’. The act of giving, receiving, and sharing information is known as communication.

2. What are various elements of a communication cycle?

Answer – The various elements of a communication cycle are –

Sender: the person beginning the communication.
Message: the information that the sender wants to convey.
Channel: the means by which the information is sent.
Receiver: the person to whom the message is sent.
Feedback: the receiver’s acknowledgement and response to the message.

3. What is 7 C’s effective communication?

Answer – There are 7 C’s effective communication which are applicable for both written as well as oral communication. These are as follows –

Clear – Always say clearly, what you want to say.
Concise – Always use simple language and say only what is required.
Concrete – Always use proper words and phrases in the sentences.
Correct – Always use correct spelling and grammar in the sentences.
Coherent – Your word should be related to the main topic and your word should make sense.
Complete – Your message should be complete and have all the needed information.
Courteous – Be honest, respectful and friendly with others.

4. What are the key components of effective communication?

Answer – Effective communication involves clear expression, active listening, non-verbal cues, and feedback. It requires the ability to convey messages clearly and to understand and interpret the messages of others accurately.

5. List the various methods of communication.

Answer – The various methods of communication are –

Face-to-face informal communication – There is nothing better than face-to-face communication. It helps the message to be understood clearly and quickly.
e-mail – e-mail can be used to communicate quickly with one or many individuals in various locations. It offers flexibility, convenience and low-cost.
Notice/Posters – It is effective when the same message has to go out to a large group of people. Generally used for where email communication may not be effective.
Business Meetings – Communication during business meetings at an organisation are generally addressed to a group of people. It can be related to business, management and organisational decisions.

6. Why are communication skills important in our daily lives?

Answer – Communication skills are essential for effective interaction with others. They help in expressing thoughts, ideas, and feelings, and in understanding the perspectives of others. Good communication fosters better relationships, reduces misunderstandings, and is crucial for success in various aspects of life.

7. What are the learning objectives of communication?

Answer – Learning objectives of Effective communication are:

Sending, receiving and understanding the message or information
Development of Interposal Skills
To express effectively with maximum efficiency

8. Communication skills are very important for any business. Explain any two elements of a communication process.

Answer – The various elements of a communication cycle are –

Sender: the person beginning the communication.
Message: the information that the sender wants to convey.
Channel: the means by which the information is sent.
Receiver: the person to whom the message is sent.
Feedback: the receiver’s acknowledgement and response to the message.

Communication Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 2: Verbal Communication

9. What is verbal communication and its type?

Answer – Sounds, words, language, and speech are all examples of verbal communication. Speaking is one of the most effective and often used in verbal communication methods.

Interpersonal Communication – This type of communication is a one – on – one communication that takes place between two people. It can be formal or informal.
Written Communication – This method of communication entails the use of written words. Letters, circulars, reports, manuals, SMS, social media chats, and so on are all examples. It could be a group of two or more persons.
Small Group Communication – When there are more than two people participating, this form of communication occurs. Each participant has the opportunity to interact and speak with the others.
Public Communication – The communication takes place when one individual address a large group of audience.

10. What are the advantages and disadvantages of verbal communication?

Answer – Advantage of verbal communication are –

Advantages of Verbal communication

Time Saving – We can express our thoughts easily and quickly and it is an easier form of communication.
Quick Feedback – We can get a quick response from the listener.

Disadvantages of verbal communication

Cultural Difference – The cultural difference is the main disadvantage of verbal communication
Language barriers – Difficult to share thoughts or ideas in different languages.

11. Write down the different types of verbal communication. Give an example for each type.

Answer – Verbal communication can be divided into two categories.

Oral or Spoken communication – Oral Communication involves Face-to-face communication, Teaching in classroom or talking on the phone is an example of oral or spoken communication.
Written Communication – Written Communication involves written or typed words. Banners, Articles, Notes, writing letters, email, and Short Messaging Services are examples of written communication.

12. What is public speaking?

Answer – Speaking face – to – face to a live audience or in front of a large group is known as public speaking, you can use the 3Ps method to get over your fears and become a confident speaker.
The 3Ps method is –
a. Prepare
b. Practice
c. Perform

13. Explain non-verbal and visual communication and their importance.

Answer –

Non-Verbal Communication: It involves conveying messages without the use of words. Examples include body language, facial expressions, gestures, and eye contact.
Visual Communication: It includes the use of visual elements such as charts, graphs, images, and videos to convey information.

14. Identify different types of non-verbal communication.

Answer – Different types of non-verbal communication are –

Facial Expression – Our expressions can show different feelings, such as Happiness, Sadness, Anger, Surprise, Fear, etc.
Posture – Postures show our confidence and feelings. For example, a straight body posture shows confidence while a slumped posture is a sign of weakness.
Gestures or Body Language – Gestures include body movements that express an idea or meaning. For example, raising a hand in class to ask a question and biting nails when nervous.
Touch – We communicate a great deal through touch. For example, a firm handshake to display confidence and pat on the back to encourage someone.
Space – Space is the physical distance between two people. The space between two persons while communicating, generally depends on the intimacy or closeness between them.
Eye Contact – The way we look at someone can communicate a lot. Eye contact shows that we are paying attention to the person as opposed to looking away, which can make the other person feel ignored.
Paralanguage – How we speak affects our communication and includes the tone, speed and volume of our voice. For example, talking fast may show happiness, excitement or nervousness while speaking slow may show seriousness or sadness.

15. What are the common mistakes in non-verbal communication.

Answer – Avoiding common mistakes in non-verbal communication is crucial for conveying messages accurately and building effective interpersonal relationships. Here are some tips to avoid these mistakes:

Lack of Eye Contact
Inappropriate Facial Expressions
Poor Posture
Ignoring Cultural Differences
Ignoring Tone of Voice

Session 3: Non-verbal Communication

16. What is non-verbal communication?

Answer – Without using word if you are sending some information to others is known as non- verbal communication, some of the non – verbal communication is –

Eye contact
Gestures
Expressions
Posture
Space
Para Language
Touch

17. What is the importance of Non-verbal communication?

Answer – In our day-to-day communication

55% communication is done using body movements, face, arms, etc.
38% communication is done using voice, tone, pauses, etc.
only 7% communication is done using words.
around 93% of our communication is non-verbal.

18. What is the purpose of non – verbal communication?

Answer –

When we communicate with the correct gestures, our message becomes more effective.
We can know our audience’s reaction and change our conversation accordingly if we understand nonverbal communication.
Using the right gestures and postures is a sign of professionalism and etiquette.
We can utilize our hand movements to exchange communications if verbal messages are blocked by noise, distance, or other factors. For example, placing a finger on the lips indicates the need for silence while nodding the head is the same as saying ‘yes’.

19. Type of non-verbal communication?

Answer – Type of non – verbal communication are –

Facial expressions – The movement and changes of the face are the facial expressions. Many times, facial expressions show the feelings of a person. For example, expressing your thoughts using a smile, when we are happy, or when we are sad.
Posture – Postures means body of the positions, postures show how confident you are and your emotional feelings. For example, straight body posture means confidence.
Gestures or Body language – Gestures means with the help of hands or head if you are sharing any idea or meaning. for example, pointing, waving and using our hands when speaking.
Touch – Some time we communicate using touch we also share messages to others, for example hand shaking and patting on the back.
Space – When the two people are communicating and you will find some space between these two people depending on closeness or intimacy between them.
Eye contact – Maintaining eye contact is very important when you are talking about interest, whereas, looking at any other side can make the other person feel ignored.
Paralanguage – Tone of our voice, speed and volume that makes a difference in the meaning is a paralanguage.

20. What is Visual Communication?

Answer – Visual communication is the process of exchanging messages mainly through images or photographs.
Example of visual communication are –

Under construction sign
Danger warning
Sign of Under CCTV surveillance

Communication Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 4: Communication Cycle and importance of Feedback

21. What is feedback in communication skills?

Answer – The communication cycle is incomplete without feedback. It is essential for the effective communication that the sender receives confirmation from the receiver that the message was received. The receiver provides feedback on the received message while the transmitter sends information.

Feedback can be positive or negative. Good feedback is always

Specific
Helpful
Kind

22. How many types of Feedback in communication skills?

Answer – There are basically three types of feedback.

Positive Feedback
Negative Feedback
No Feedback

23. What is the good feedback in communication skills?

Answer – A good feedback is one that is –

Specific: General comment should be avoided. To clarify your statement, try to provide examples. Rather than giving advice let the receiver decide what to do with your feedback.
Timely: Always respond on time, because if input is delayed for too long, it loses its impact.
Polite: While sharing feedback is necessary, the recipient should not be insulted by the input’s language.
Offering continuing support: Feedback should be shared on a regular basis. Let recipients know you’re available for help once you’ve given them feedback.

24. Importance of Feedback?

Answer – Most important factors of feedback is –

It validates effective listening: It verifies effective listening by ensuring that the person providing feedback is understood and that their feedback is useful.
It motivates: People can be motivated by positive feedback to improve their working relationships and continue doing the good job that has been recognized.
It boosts learning: It’s critical to get feedback in order to stay on track with your goals, improve your planning, and generate better products and services.
It improves performance: Feedback can assist in making better judgments in order to improve and boost performance.

25. Identify how and when to give feedback.

Answer – Feedback is an important part of the communication cycle. For effective communication when sender sends information, the receiver provides feedback on the received message.

26. Explain the importance of feedback.

Answer – Importance of feedback are –

Validates Effective Listening: Shows you’re paying attention and understanding.
Motivates People: Makes people feel good and encourages them.
Boosts Learning: Helps us learn and improve.
Improves Performance and Decision Making: Points out what’s done well and where to improve.

Session 5: Barriers to effective communication

27. What is effective communication?

Answer – We now understand that communication can take three forms: nonverbal, verbal, and visual. All of these strategies, however, will only be effective if we adhere to the fundamental principles of professional communication.

Clear, Concise, Concrete, Correct, Coherent, Complete, and Courteous are the acronyms for these 7 Cs qualities.

28. Barriers of Effective Communication?

Answer – Barriers of the Effective Communication are –

Physical Barriers – The environmental and natural conditions that operate as a barrier in communication when conveying messages from sender to receiver are referred to as physical barriers.
Linguistic Barriers – A language barrier to communication is the inability to communicate using a language. The most common communication barriers are language barriers, which lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations between people.
Interpersonal Barriers – When a sender’s message is received differently than intended, it creates barriers to interpersonal contact. It’s also tough to communicate with someone who refuses to converse or express their emotions or opinions.
Organizational Barriers – Formal hierarchical structures are used to create organizations that adhere to performance standards, rules & regulations, processes, policies, and behavioral norms, among other things.
Cultural Barriers – When people from different cultures are unable to understand each other’s languages, it causes problems and inconveniences.

29. What are the different ways to overcome from communication barriers?

Answer –

Use simple language
Try to communicate in person as much as possible
Do not form assumptions on culture, religion or geography
Take help of a translator to overcome differences in language
Use visuals
Be respectful of other’s opinions

Session 6: Writing Skills – Part of Speech

30. What are Written Skills?

Answer – If you are sending any message or instruction through writing is known as written communication. Written communication is important because it communicates the message with clarity and ease.

31. How to improve writing skills

Improve your Vocabulary
Capitalization Rules
Punctuation
Basic parts of speech

32. What are the basic parts of speech in the English Language?

Answer – There are eight basic parts of speech in the English language. These are none, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection.

Noun – Nouns is the name of a person, place, animal or thing. This is also called ‘naming words.
Pronoun – A pronoun is used in place of a noun.
Adjectives – Adjectives are words that describe other words.
Verbs – Verbs are words that show action.
Adverbs – Adverbs are words that add meaning to verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
Preposition – A preposition is a word palace before a noun or pronoun.
Conjunction – A conjunction is a word that connects two words, phrases, or clauses.
Interjection – A word used to communicate emotion is called an interjection.

33. Definition of pronunciation?

Answer – Many words in English are not pronounced the way they are spelt, so if you don’t say them right, others won’t understand what we’re saying. Pronunciation is defined as the act or style of pronouncing a word.

Session 7: Writing Skills – Sentences

34. What are the various parts of the Sentence?

Answer – A subject and a verb make up a sentence. There is an object in some of the sentences. The subject is generally a noun, which is a term that refers to a person or thing who performs a specific activity.

The verb comes after the subject and indicates that something is being done. An object, which usually comes after the verb, receives the action.

There are three different types of parts of sentences –
a. Subject
b. Verb
c. Object

35. How many types of objects are there in the English language?

Answer – Normally, the object comes after the verb phrase. The meaning of the verb determines whether or not an object is present. In English, there are two types of objects.

Direct – The effects of action are known as direct objects. The queries ‘what’ and ‘whom’ are answered by a direct object. Ramesh spent the entire day collecting honey. Honey is made the direct object.
Indirect – The queries ‘to whom’, ‘for whom’, ‘to what’, and ‘for what’ are all answered by an indirect object. In the statement “Imran gave a gift to his mother,” for example. The verb is “gave,” and there are two objects in the sentence: “gift” and “mother.”.

36. What are the Paragraphs?

Answer – A paragraph is made up of a set of sentences, and paragraphs support the reader in reading the sections by dividing the material into separate portions. If you’re writing about your school, the opening paragraph could include sentences that describe the school’s name, location, size, and other characteristics.

SEBA Class X Employability Skills: Unit 2 Self-management Skills Questions and Answers

Session 1: Stress Management

1. To become successful in life, which basic self – management skills do you require?

Answer – To become successful in life, we have follow following basic skills –

Self-awareness: Request honest feedback. Get a better understanding of your personality and work-related skills. Consider how you handled issues in your regular contacts and how you may have handled them better.
Responsibility: Taking responsibility is very important. Accepting ownership is the step towards self – development.
Time Management: Make a list of the tasks you need to get done. Make a schedule for yourself and stick to it.
Adaptability: Always stay up to date on best practices and fresh information. Prepare yourself for new adjustments so you can make a smooth transition.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

2. What is Stress?

Answer – Our emotional, mental, physical, and social responses to perceived demands or threats are referred to as stress. Stressors are the pressures or threats that people face.

For example –

You’re only a few days away from your examinations, yet you’re feeling unprepared.
You’re concerned about what others will think of you if you don’t dress properly or speak confidently.
You are stressed due to lack of sleep.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

3. What are the three steps to manage Stress?

Answer – The three steps to manage stress are –

Be aware that you are stressed – Look for stress symptoms such as headaches, insomnia, melancholy, excessive worrying, anxiousness, and so on. We can manage stress if we are aware of it.
Identify What is causing you stress – Find out the reason for your stress. Is it because of exams, family pressures, money issues, not eating good food, etc.?
Apply stress management methods – To effectively manage your time, use time management tools. Concentrate on the most important things and complete them, talk to a friend or family member about the problem. Take time to recharge by exercising, watching movies, or doing anything else that makes you feel good.

4. What are the different stress management techniques?

Answer – Some of the stress management techniques are –

Time management
Organizing academic life, no delaying
Healthy diet
Positivity in your life
Physical exercise and fresh air
Proper sleep
Holidays with family and friends

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

5. What is emotional Intelligence in Self – Management skills?

Answer – The ability to recognize and regulate one’s own emotions, as well as the emotions of others, is referred to as emotional intelligence.

Emotional Awareness – The ability to recognize and name one’s own feelings is known as emotional awareness.
Harnessing Emotions – The ability to harness and apply emotions to tasks such as thinking and problem solving is referred to as “harnessing emotions.”.
Managing Emotions – Managing Emotions entails the ability to control one’s own emotions when appropriate, as well as helping others in doing the same.

6. How to manage emotional intelligence?

Answer – To manage emotional intelligence you have to follow below steps.

Understand your emotions – Analyze your behavior and make a list of the areas where you need to improve. Then you can focus on the areas where you need to grow.
Rationalize – Don’t make quick judgments; instead, view logically through.
Practice – Keep yourself calm by doing meditation and yoga.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 2: Self Awareness – Strength and Weakness Analysis

7. How can you identify your Strengths and Weaknesses?

Answer – The techniques for identifying our strengths and weaknesses are –

Finding Strengths

Think of anything that you are always successful at.
Think about what others like in you.
Take out time and think about what you do well

Finding Weaknesses

Point out the areas where you struggle and the things you find difficult to do.
Look at the feedback others usually give you.
Be open to feedback and accept your weaknesses without feeling low about it.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 3: Self-Motivation

8. Types of Motivation?

Answer – There are two types of motivation

Internal Motivation – Many things we do which make us happy, feel good and healthy.
External Motivation – If you are working for recognition, respect and appreciation.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

9. What are the qualities of Self – motivated people?

Answer – The qualities of Self – motivated people are –

Know what they want from life
Are focused
Know what is important
Are dedicated to fulfill their dreams

10. How to build Self – Motivation?

Answer – There are four steps to build self – motivation.

Find out your strength
Set and focus on your goals
Develop a plan to achieve your goals
Stay loyal to your goals

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 4: Self-regulation – Goal Setting

11. How to Set Goals in Self-Management Skills?

Answer – We can use different techniques to set goals.

Specific – Always set your clear and specific goals.
Measurable – A measurable goal answers the questions “How much?”, “How many?” and “How do I know that I have achieved results?”
Achievable – Breaking down big goals into smaller parts will make the goal achievable.
Realistic – A realistic goal would be something that we want to achieve and can work towards.
Time bound – A goal should have a timeframe by when the goal needs to be achieved.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 5: Self-regulation – Time management

12. What are the benefits of time management?

Answer – Time management is the thinking skill that helps you to –

Complete tasks on time
Submit homework and assignments on time
You can identify how long it will take you to do something.

Self Management Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

13. What are the four steps for effective time management?

Answer – The four steps for time management are –

Organize – We make plans for our day-to-day activity.
Prioritize – We build a to-do list with all of our activities on it, and we organize them in order of importance.
Control – We have a control over our activities and time
Track – We keep track of where we’ve spent our time.

14. How can I improve my time management?

Answer – Follow the following things to improve time management:

Any planned action should not be delayed or postponed.
Organize your room and desk at school.
Create a “NO DISTURBANCE ZONE” where you may sit and finish important tasks without being disturbed.
Use waiting time productivity
Prepare a “To-do” list
Priorities
Replace ineffective activities with productive ones.

SEBA Class X Employability Skills: Unit 3 Information and Communication Technology Skills Questions and Answers

Session 1: Basic Computer Operations

1. What is ICT?

Answer – Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an acronym for information and communication technology. ICT helps in the proper sharing, receiving, and processing of information, and an ICT device is a device that is used for processing, storing, and delivering information to others.

Examples of ICT devices are – Laptop, Desktop, Tablets and Smartphones.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

2. Objectives of Information and communication technology? Advantages and disadvantages of ICT.

Answer – Full form of ICT is Information and communication technology. The goal of ICT is to bridge the gap between parents, educators, and students by encouraging sustainable, cooperative, and transparent communication methods.

Advantages of ICT

Enhanced the modes of communication
Independent learning platforms Cost – efficient
Enhanced data and information security
Paperless – Eliminate the usage of paper
Better teaching and learning methods
Web – based LMS tools

Disadvantages of ICT

Traditional books and handwritten methods are at risk.
Managing courses online is difficult
Teachers require experience to handle ICT
Risk of cyber-attacks and hacks
Misuse of technology

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

3. Difference between Hardware and Software?

Answer – A computer system consists of two main parts – Hardware and Software

Hardware – Hardware is a physical part of a computer system. We can feel and touch the hardware devices. example – CPU, Mother Board, Hard Disk, Keyboard, Mouse, Printer etc.
Software – Software related to the programs which perform different types of tasks on the computer system. Program is a collection of Instructions. It also helps the computer to perform the specific task. Example – Open Office Base, Spreadsheet, Presentation etc.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

4. What is BIOS?

Answer – BIOS stands for Basic Input/ Output System, It helps the computer system to identify (Self-test) the paraperaphal devices which are connected to the computer system and helps computers to load Operating System properly.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

5. What are the different types of keys in Keyboard?

Answer – The different types of key in keyboard are –

Function keys – F1 to F12 are function keys in the keyboard, function keys are used for specific purposes.
Control keys – SHIFT, CONTROL (CTRL),ALT, SPACEBAR, TAB AND CAPS LOCK are known as a control key, these keys are used as per the demand.
Enter key – ENTER or RETURN keys are known as Enter key, depending on the brand of computer that you are using.
Punctuation keys – It includes keys for punctuation marks, such as colon (:), semicolon (;), question mark (?), single quotation marks (‘ ’), and double quotation marks (“ ”).
Navigation keys – END, HOME, PAGE DOWN, PAGE UP and Arrow keys are known as navigation keys, these keys are used to move up, down, left or right in the document.
Command keys – BACKSPACE, INSERT (INS) and DELETE(DEL) are known as command keys. INSERT key allows you to overwrite characters to the right side.
Delete keys – The DELETE command key and BACKSPACE key are used to remove typed text, character, or any other objects from the right and left side of the cursor.
Windows key – Windows key is used to open the Start menu.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

6. What is the purpose of Mouse?

Answer – The purpose of the mouse is –

Roll Over or Hover – Whenever we bring the mouse over the files, it shows the details of the file.
Click or Double Click – Mouse allows you to select, open or delete files and folders from the computer system.
Drag and Drop – Click on the file and drag and drop your file where you want.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 2: Performing Basic File Operations

7. What are files and folders in a computer system?

Answer – Files and folders are –

File – File is a collection of information different types of files store different types of information. Every file has a file name and extension that identifies the type of file.
Folder – Folder is a collection of files or a group of files.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 3: Computer Care and Maintenance

8. How to maintain a computer system?

Answer – Some simple ways to take care of computer system are –

Keeping a Device Clean – Always keep a device clean, such as the keyboard, the screen, and the mouse. Handle your gadget with care, keep it cool, and don’t overload your battery.
Prepare a Maintenance Schedule – Make a schedule for computer maintenance.

Daily Maintenance

Clean up your email inbox
Save Important attachments and save in folder

Weekly Maintenance

Clean your Keyboard, monitor, CPU and printer
Backup your data

Monthly Maintenance

Clean unused photographs
Clean up Download folder
Uninstall unused programs
Run full system virus scan
Run disk – cleaner software

Yearly / Annual Maintenance

Clean up social media accounts
Clean up e-mail contact list
Update your operating System

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

9. How to increase Computer performance?

Answer – We frequently install a large number of applications, which slows down the computer. Always attempt to uninstall unnecessary applications, temporary files, and antivirus software updates.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 5: Computer Security and Privacy

10. What is a Security Break?

Answer – Security break is leakage of information stored in a computer.

Your personal information can be lost or leaked in two ways –

We are not cautious when it comes to disclosing personal information via the internet. We share our account information and passwords on unsafe websites.
A person gets unauthorized access to our computer. This can happen at work if we don’t log out before leaving the computer.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

11. What are the threats?

Answer – Threats are ways in which personal information from a computer can be released without our knowledge.

a. Theft – Theft means stealing of information or hardware. These maybe of three types:

Physical – Where a person may steal your desktop computer or laptop.
Identity – A hacker gets your personal information and uses it to impersonate you. The hacker can use this fake identity to get access to your account information or engage in illegal activity.

b. Software Piracy – This is stealing of software and includes using or distributing unlicensed and unauthorized copies of a computer program or software.

Virus – Viruses are computer programmes that can corrupt data and software applications, as well as steal data from computers. Worms and Trojan Horses are two major forms of viruses.
Worms – Worms are viruses that replicate and spread to all files on a computer once they attack a computer. This makes it very difficult to remove them.
Trojon Horse – A Trojan Horse appears to be a useful software programme, but once it reaches a computer, it begins to behave like a virus and destroys the data.

iii. Online Predator – Online predators are persons who use the internet to trap you into unhealthy relationships. They could be older people appearing as your age who harass you into doing unlawful things online.

iv. Internet Scams – You may occasionally receive highly appealing offers claiming that you have won a large sum of money in a lottery and that you can claim your win by depositing a specific amount of money. When you deposit money with a credit card or through online banking, you not only lose the deposit money, but your card / account information may be misused later.

Basic ICT Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

12. How can we protect our data?

Answer – To protect our data from theft and viruses we can take the following measures –

Use Strong password in your account – Make your passwords difficult to guess. When creating a new password, attempt to use a combination of
- Small Character
- Capital Character
- Special Character
- Number
Install Antivirus and Firewall –Anti-virus software and a firewall protect your data from virus and from hackers.
Encrypt your data – Keep your information in an encrypted format to keep it safe from unauthorized users.
Open only secure site – Before visiting a website, make sure the address begins with https://. A website that begins with https:// is a secure website.

SEBA Class X Employability Skills: Unit 4 Entrepreneurial Skills Questions and Answers

Session 1: Entrepreneurship and Society

1. What qualities are required for successful entrepreneurs?

Answer – Successful entrepreneurs have the following qualities.

They are confident, They believe in themselves and their abilities.
They keep trying new ideas in their business
They are creative and think differently about business ideas.
They do not give up when they face difficulty.
They make decisions after thinking about them.
They are patient
They take responsibility for their actions
They work hard

2. What do entrepreneurs do when they run their business?

Answer – To run the business entrepreneurs do –

Fulfill Customer Needs – A product or service that people want is referred to as demand. Entrepreneurs discover what people desire. Then students use their imaginations to come up with a business plan to address that demand.
Use Local Materials – Entrepreneurs produce low-cost items by using the materials and people available to them.
Help Society – Entrepreneurs have a good interaction with the general public. They gain money by doing things that help society. Some businesspeople donate money to create schools and clinics, while others work to save the environment.
Create Jobs – They buy more material, and from more people. They also hire more people to work for them. In this way, more people have jobs.
Sharing of Wealth – Wealth means having enough money to live a comfortable life. As entrepreneurs grow their business.
Lower Price of Products – The price of a product decreases when more entrepreneurs sell the same thing. In India, for example, as more mobile phones were sold, the cost of the phone decreased.

Entrepreneurial Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 2: Qualities and functions of an entrepreneur

3. Qualities of an Entrepreneur?

Answer – Qualities of entrepreneur are –

I believe in myself and what I can do. I am confident.
I think of different ways to solve a problem. I am creative.
I work hard on every task.
Problems take time to get solved. I am patient about solving them.
I take responsibility for my actions and mistakes.
I do not give up when I face a problem.
I keep trying new ideas.
I think before I make a decision.

Entrepreneurial Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 3: Myths about entrepreneurship

4. What are the misconceptions of Entrepreneurship?

Answer – Misconceptions of Entrepreneurship are –

It is a common misconception that every company idea must be unique or exceptional.
A person needs a lot of money to start a business.
Entrepreneurs are born, not made.
A person having a big business is an entrepreneur.

Entrepreneurial Skills Class 10 Questions and Answers

Session 4: Entrepreneurship as a career option

5. What is wage employment?

Answer – Wage management is based on work grades and performance parameters. Wage management’s goal is to take reward and give high performance standards in the business. The wage management does not take too much risk, but entrepreneurs have to take risks.

6. Difference between Self employment & Wage employment?

Answer – There are two ways a person can earn a living.

Self Employment – An entrepreneur is a self-employed individual who runs a business to meet a need by experimenting with new ideas.
- Enter – When an entrepreneur first starts business, they are simply getting their feet wet in the business world.
- Survive – There are a lot of entrepreneurs around nowadays. In a competitive market, the entrepreneur must remain competitive.
- Grow – An entrepreneur considers growing his or her business once it has reached a certain level of stability.

Wage Employment – Wage management is based on work grades and performance parameters. Wage management’s goal is to take reward and give high performance standards in the business.

7. What is Entrepreneurship?

Answer – An entrepreneur is a person who creates a new business, takes risks, brings new ideas to start a business and is self-employed.

8. What are the different ideas entrepreneurs add?

Answer – New ideas with which an entrepreneur adds varieties of product, new services, cost reduction ideas, or new marketing techniques.

9. Characteristics of Entrepreneurs?

Answer – Adaptable and flexible to achieve the goals of enhancing quality and customer satisfaction

Believe in hard work
Ability to take up risks
Money Management
Knowledge of the product and services and their need or demand in the market
Effective planning and execution
Financial literacy

SEBA Class X Employability Skills: Unit 5 Green Skills Questions and Answers

Session 1: Sustainable Development

1. What is Sustainable Development?

Answer – Sustainable development is the development that satisfies the needs of the present without compromising the capacity of future generations, guaranteeing the balance between economic growth, care for the environment and social well-being.

2. Importance of Sustainable Development.

Answer – Sustainability enhances our quality of life while also protecting our ecosystem and natural resources for future generations. The world’s young generations would face major environmental issues, worse than even those we are already facing.

The consumption of products is increasing day by day as the population and income rise. As a result, there has been a growth in the production and use of natural resources, which are required for the creation of goods. Society must thus change its development strategy to a new form where development will not destroy the environment.

3. Problems Related to Sustainable Development?

Answer – There are three major problems related to sustainable Development –

Food – As we use more and more land for other uses, the amount of rich, fertile soil required to grow crops such as wheat, rice, and other grains. Chemical fertilisers are reducing soil nutrients and contaminating the soil with a variety of pollutants.
Water – We use fresh water from rivers and ponds for drinking and cleaning but dump garbage into them. Rivers and ponds are becoming more contaminated. This way after several years, we will have no clean water for our use.
Fuel – We use a lot of wood from trees for fuel, as well as for building homes and furniture. The climate of the area is being affected as more trees are cut down. Floods, extreme cold or heat, and other extreme weather events are common in many regions, affecting the people who live there.

4. What steps do we have to take for sustainable development?

Answer – Sustainable development includes –

Excessive resource consumption is being reduced, and resource conservation is being improved.
Recycling and reuse of waste materials.
Management of renewable resources, particularly bio-resources, in a scientific manner.
Planting more trees.
Green grassy patches and trees to be interspersed between concrete buildings.
Using more environment friendly material or biodegradable material
Environmentally friendly technologies that are based on resource efficiency are used.

Green Skills Class 10 Solutions

5. What are different sustainable development goals?

Answer – Sustainable development is the development which doesn’t compromise the capacity of the future generation to satisfy their needs. In 1987 the first-time sustainable development appeared in the Brundtland report. This was a warning to all countries regarding environmental consequences, globalization and economic growth.

Sustainable Development goals are also known as Global goals. There are 17 goals in sustainable development which were introduced in 2015.

There is total 17 Sustainable Development Goals are:

Zero Hunger
No Poverty
Good Health and Well-Being
Quality Education
Climate action
Industry Innovation and Infrastructure
Gender Equality
Clean Water and Sanitation
Affordable and clean energy
Sustainable cities and communities
Decent work and economic growth
Reduce Inequalities
Responsible consumption and production
Life on land
Life below water
Partnerships for the goals
Peace, Justice and strong institutions

6. Sustainable Development Initiatives taken from the public in India.

Answer – Many people have taken initiatives regarding sustainable development.

Example

When plastics were banned in Mangalore, one entrepreneur, Mr. Vasth Hedge, created a biodegradable bag that can dissolve in hot water and degrade in the natural environment.
Narayana Peesapath created edible cutlery out of a grain; these spoons can be eaten and even if they are not eaten they will easily decompose in the soil.

7. What are Sustainable Processes?

Answer – Farmers who practice organic farming do not use chemical pesticides or fertilizers to boost their yield. To aid in the growth of crops, they use organic and natural fertilizers such as cow dung. This contributes to higher-quality, chemical-free crops while also preserving the soil’s quality for future usage.

Session 2: Our Role in Sustainable Development

8. What is the role towards Sustainable Development?

Answer – The importance of Sustainable Development in finding solutions to the world’s growing problems. Countries should establish laws and guidelines to eliminate poverty and hunger, as well as to provide decent health and education.

Some of the important Sustainable Development goals are –